Author: Pia de Solenni

Meditation, Psychotherapy, & Buddhism

The Atlantic Monthly has a provocative article by Tomas Rocha on the dangers of meditation. I wouldn’t by any means consider it a definitive article, but it raises a lot…

The Atlantic Monthly has a provocative article by Tomas Rocha on the dangers of meditation. I wouldn’t by any means consider it a definitive article, but it raises a lot of interesting matters. He highlights the research of Dr. Willoughby Britton, an assistant professor of psychiatry and human behavior, who works at the Brown University Medical School and is doing a project to study the adverse effects of meditation, primarily Buddhist influenced meditation.

First, there’s a fellow who’s had a very bad experience with meditation:

“I started having thoughts like, ‘Let me take over you,’ combined with confusion and tons of terror,” says David, a polite, articulate 27-year-old who arrived at Britton’s Cheetah House in 2013. “I had a vision of death with a scythe and a hood, and the thought ‘Kill yourself’ over and over again.”

Not good at all.

There are more not-good outcomes related in the article.

But this section really intrigued me:

One of the central questions of Dimidjian’s article is this: After 100 years of research into psychotherapy, it’s obvious that scientists and clinicians have learned a lot about the benefits of therapy, but what do we know about the harms? According to Britton, a parallel process is happening in the field of meditation research.

“We have a lot of positive data [on meditation],” she says, “but no one has been asking if there are any potential difficulties or adverse effects, and whether there are some practices that may be better or worse-suited [for] some people over others. Ironically,” Britton adds, “the main delivery system for Buddhist meditation in America is actually medicine and science, not Buddhism.” [Emphasis mine.]

In general, I think there’s a need for good psychotherapy. I’m just not convinced that a lot of what’s out there is good or that it’s being practiced by healthy individuals. But I think it’s fascinating that the researcher Britton references raises the question, “[W]hat do we know about its harms?”

And the following paragraph is even more revealing, namely that psychotherapy [or however one chooses to interpret the term “medicine and science”] is pushing Buddhism. For a long while, I’ve thought that attitudes communicated as “healthy” by some psychotherapists sounded way too zen. For example, there’s a lot of language about “boundaries.” Boundaries are good and healthy, but I’ve seen people get to the point where they have so many boundaries that they’re no longer vulnerable. I sometimes question their ability to be truly relational because every interaction has to happen on their terms or else their peace is disturbed. After all, they’ve got their boundaries.

For me, as a Christian, vulnerability is a key to being both human and Christian. It is the key to loving and being loved. CS Lewis commented something along the lines of “Love anything and your heart will surely be broken. The only place that your heart will be free from being broken is in hell [where it cannot love].”

Recently, I met a good therapist who is also a Catholic. He believes that psychotherapy is dominated by Buddhist influence. I agreed based on my very remedial knowledge. But finding the same indirectly supported by this article surprised me.

Again, let me emphasize. Boundaries = good. But all things in moderation. I don’t like boundaries that isolate me. I guess if that’s what someone else chooses, that’s one’s own business. But, sitting in my proverbial armchair, I don’t think it’s healthy.

*Please note that the article is only addressing generally only one form of meditation, not all forms.

 

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Day 3 In Rome – I Now Know Where to Sit in the Dining Room to Have a View of the Pope

So, I’m catching up with my postings. The rest of my Rome trip was a whirlwind, preparing for the conference and then participating in the conference. But I did jot…

Lovely sighting while out on a walk,
taking a break from my work.

So, I’m catching up with my postings. The rest of my Rome trip was a whirlwind, preparing for the conference and then participating in the conference. But I did jot some notes and take some pictures for each day, which I’ll post sequentially over the next few days.

My third day in Rome was spent mostly inside, working on my paper.  Not a bad place to work. I was staying at the Domus Sanctae Marthae, where Pope Francis also resides. Interestingly, the salon where I was working has… two Popes.

Portraits of Pope Francis & Pope Benedict

I find it a gracious touch that in the residence that is his home, Pope Francis keeps this official portrait of Benedict at equal level with his own. The art on either side of them depicts Sts. Peter and Paul, respectively. St. Peter is holding his keys and is to the left of Pope Francis’ image.

St. Peter & Pope Francis

But the portraits were not enough to keep me from feeling just a little batty after a while and in need of a brief walkabout.

In Piazza Navona, I couldn’t help but sort of envy these folks with their prime view. How amazing to have a place where your balcony has Piazza Navona as a view.

Looking out at Piazza Navona.

Granted, it probably gets noisy at night time, until about 2 or 3 a.m. But not bad in the afternoon!

Some of the other English speaking conference attendees arrived and we decided that I’d done enough staring at the Pope in the dining room; so we had a great meal at Trattoria degli Amici in Trastevere. What a great place! It’s a project of the Sant’Egidio Community and they hire people with disabilities to work there. Everything is uber professional. You’d have no idea that this is a charitable type of work unless you read the paper table covering, which explains that the art is also part of the work done by people with disabilities.

Let me tell you, if the art is a measure of one’s disability, then I’m the disabled one! I certainly wish I’d thought to snap a few shots.

On our walk back to the Domus, some of our group stopped for cigars. Sorry, but the European bluntness makes me laugh. Yes, yes, I know smoking is very bad for one’s health. I don’t smoke. But still this made me laugh.

 

Smoke kills. [In case you were wondering….]

I’m not sure the legalism in the US would allow for such a bold statement. Yet, the irony is that despite that huge and rather ugly warning label, plenty of people will enjoy a smoke and they may not even die from it. Then again, maybe this blunt warning fits perfectly in a country where fresh air is still considered dangerous….’Fa male al fegato.’ (It’s not good for the liver.)

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Day 2 In Rome

Day 2 in Rome started with 7 a.m. Mass at St. Peter’s. Hands down this is the best time of day to visit St. Peter’s. Even if you are not…

Looking towards the front of St. Peter’s, from the inside, near the Sacresty. The sunlight is coming through the front door.

Day 2 in Rome started with 7 a.m. Mass at St. Peter’s. Hands down this is the best time of day to visit St. Peter’s. Even if you are not Catholic, you will surely be moved by the quiet and prayerful environment. Masses are being said at the various side altars. Just pick one and there you have it.

After Mass and breakfast, I headed out to Rome proper. One the way, I saw the Pope-mobile set up and ready to go for the General Audience.

You know how people talk about the sunlight and color? Look at this.

Wow. Simply. Wow. I only wish I were a good photographer. But you get the gist of it.

And then there’s the marble foot.

And a closer look.

A stop at Santa Maria Sopra Minerva (near the Pantheon) to pay a visit to St. Catherine of Siena and several others, with some time spent at Lippi’s chapel of St. Thomas Aquinas (who, btw, needs to help me with my paper).

This chapel is one of my favorite. Unfortunately, I did not have the requisite euro coin to light it up. It’s certainly worth it.

Outside of S. M. Sopra Minerva (btw, it’s “Sopra Minerva” because it was supposedly built on the ruins or the site of a temple to Minerva), you’ll see this obelisk supported by an elephant (sort of a mascot of Siena) done by Bernini.

As the story goes, Bernini designed the sculpture to have a huge space under and between the legs of the elephant. But the commissioning Cardinal insisted that the elephant would then be unable to support the weigh of the obelisk. Bernini, added the tapestry because he thought the elephant would look pretty ugly without the space left as he had designed it.

Later, he got his chance to prove himself correct in the nearby Piazza Navona where he constructed the base sculpture for an even larger obelisk.

Take a closer look at all that space underneath the obelisk:

And when in Rome, I always go to visit the church of S. Maria Magdalena where the crucifix of San Camillus (the patron of health care workers and founder of an order dedicated to the care of the sick) is kept. He is also buried here. He dates back 400 years.

Anyway, he would pour out his heart in prayer before this crucifix (to the right of the main altar, in a side chapel):

Twice, the corpus on the crucifix reached down to pat him on the shoulder saying, at least once, “Don’t worry. It’s not your work. It’s mine.”

What a great way to put our challenges in perspective! I prayed especially for those whom I know who are involved in projects bigger than themselves.

Lunch. Tonnarelli cacio e pepe.

During the summer, I like this dish with a simple red wine called Lacrima del Moro (the Moor’s Tear – just one tear).

And that pasta is perfectly wound. Even part way through:

And still:

Well, you get the idea.

Next to me was a table of four people speaking French who also provided some singing for entertainment.

The rest of the day was casual, until evening when I returned back to the Domus Sanctae Marthae. They forgot to tell me that most of the Vatican entrances close at 8 p.m. The police near the Vatican didn’t know of open entrance. Fortunately, I came across a Bishop who was showing some guests around outside and he was able to point me in the right direction.There is indeed a non obvious entrance.

As they say in Italian, meno male.

 

 

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Day 1 (and a half) in Rome

I arrived Rome yesterday afternoon. This trip has been totally last minute even though I was invited months ago to speak at the annual meeting of the Pontifical Academy of…

I arrived Rome yesterday afternoon. This trip has been totally last minute even though I was invited months ago to speak at the annual meeting of the Pontifical Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas. You see, last month they informed the US speakers (two) that there would not be funds to cover our airfare. Given the economic reality of being a roving theologian, I needed a sponsor. And a sponsor is just what a friend found for me last Wednesday night, the same night that my renewed passport arrived. The fares to Europe are so high, that the last minute purchase didn’t affect the overall cost. So here I am and I’d better get my paper written by Saturday (or sooner).

But meanwhile, wanted to share with interested readers some quick notes so far. Btw, I prayed for all my readers at Mass in St. Peter’s this evening. Many thanks to you all!

So, my trip has landed me at the Domus Sanctae Marthae, also known as the place where Pope Francis lives. Here’s closeup of the entrance:

Not bad.

While guests are no longer automatically allowed to attend the Pope’s daily Mass, we do get to eat in the same dining room. I’ve stayed in residences in Rome before and never understood the sense of paying to eat in when there was much better food available at the local spots. But the food’s good here. And the company is even better. I’ve yet to meet the Pope, but I’ve seen him at dinner both nights. He’s very informal. Serves himself from the buffet. I understand that he used to sit at a more central table, but one night he arrived and guests had taken it. He now sits off to the side, quite inconspicuously. Well, as much as a Pope can be inconspicuous.

I love the monogrammed towels:

And when I asked for an iron, I got that typical Italian wagging of the finger back and forth which translates into, “Nope. Nothing happening. No way. No.” Instead they took my clothing and returned them ironed as they have never been by yours truly. I could get used to this….

I realized that I am turning into a bit of a Roman/Vaticanista when the thing that surprised me most about the DMS was not seeing the Pope at dinner, but the water pressure in the bathroom. This has got to be some of the best water pressure in Rome. Mundane, I know. But what does it tell you that I actually noticed it after living here six years (in different places) and visiting many times?

Some other fun things that I’ve seen – and I do wish I’d been better about taking pictures. I don’t know if I’m secretly Amish or something, but I still feel like I’m invading someone’s space when I take their picture. I’ll try to do better in the days ahead.

Scene one –

A woman having her hair done (by done I mean colored) is standing outside the salon with her hair wrapped in what looks like saran wrap. She’s having a smoke. In spite of her hair and the gunk it contains, she looks amazing. Not only does she look amazing but she’s chatting up some guy as if she were at a party. On the side of a busy Roman street. Figurati.

Scene two –

It’s been raining a ton. And it all comes at once, not unlike the shower with great water pressure that apparently only exists in the Vatican. The rain has stopped and the roads are slick. Here comes a cyclist along the Lungotevere (one of the busy roads that runs along the Tiber river). No helmet. Steering with one hand, smoking with the other. Navigating the traffic just fine.

Scene three –

Waiting for a friend at a small bar. Here comes a woman with a small puppy in her arms. Soon after, a man with a small dog. They sit together at the bar holding their pets. No, there’s no common thread of smoking – the dogs sat quietly and their respective owners obliged my request for a photo, as they sat having their drinks at the bar.

His and hers.

We may be casual in the US, but these three quick vignettes make us look rather uptight.

To close for the night, I’ll end with a photo of one of the windows here inside the Domus.

Wine is necessary. (They need [more] wine.) UPDATE – “One thing is necessary.”

For the Latinists out there, note the contraction in “Vnum.”

UPDATE – A reader below notes that I totally got this wrong and that it in fact refers to Luke, 10.42a. “One thing is necessary.” In other words, this is Mary and Martha. Mary has chosen the better part, even though this is a window in the Domus Sanctae Marthae (House of St. Martha). Love the irony. Apologies for getting it wrong. Thanks for the correction!

Assuming I’ve got decent Internet tomorrow and overcome more of my inner Amish, I’ll be back with a post for Day 2.

Ciao!

 

 

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How the Pope’s Invocation for Peace Relates to “Evangelii Gaudium” and to Crises Everywhere.

Pope Francis’ recent Invocation for Peace with Presidents Peres and Abbas, respectively of Israel and Palestine surprised the world. First, that he extended the invitation and, second, that they readily…

Pope Francis’ recent Invocation for Peace with Presidents Peres and Abbas, respectively of Israel and Palestine surprised the world. First, that he extended the invitation and, second, that they readily accepted the invitation. (You can watch the video of the service here.)

As others have noted, the Vatican  came up with a theologically acceptable way for people of different faiths to come together and pray. Namely, they come together and they each say their own prayers. No one pretends that the faiths are equal or the same. There’s no watered down prayer for all to join. Each prays in the richness and tradition of one’s faith.

Which means that in order for something like this to be effective, participants have to be willing to listen.

Hmmm…sounds like Evangelii Gaudium, n. 171. I offer the text here  interspersed with brief commentary. [Emphasis mine.]

Today more than ever we need men and women who, on the basis of their experience of accompanying others, are familiar with processes which call for prudence, understanding, patience and docility to the Spirit, so that they can protect the sheep from wolves who would scatter the flock.

In other words, the flock will not be kept together or increased simply by hitting people over the head, even if one is using the truth as the club to do so. The good shepherd, recall, is so concerned that he does allow even one of his flock to be lost. He goes searching for the sheep even if it may not be searching for him.

We need to practice the art of listening, which is more than simply hearing. Listening, in communication, is an openness of heart which makes possible that closeness without which genuine spiritual encounter cannot occur.

I think this is huge. When we hear people, we generally react. “I hear what you’re saying, but…you really are wrong.” When we listen to people, there’s more of an encounter with the person, sort of an empathizing: “I see where you’re coming from….Have you thought of…?” We may not agree with where someone is at, but we go there with them. Jesus modeled this for us throughout the Gospels. My favorite example might be the woman at the well. (John 4, 4-28) He listens to her, understands perfectly her situation, and he also reveals something to her which may not be recorded anywhere else in the Gospel: that he is the Messiah (vv. 24-25).

Listening helps us to find the right gesture and word which shows that we are more than simply bystanders.

As Jesus did in John 4.

Only through such respectful and compassionate listening can we enter on the paths of true growth and awaken a yearning for the Christian ideal: the desire to respond fully to God’s love and to bring to fruition what he has sown in our lives.

The woman goes back to the town and “[m]any of the Samaritans of that town began to believe in him because of the word of the woman.” (v. 39).

But this always demands the patience of one who knows full well what Saint Thomas Aquinas tells us: that anyone can have grace and charity, and yet falter in the exercise of the virtues because of persistent “contrary inclinations”.

So, bringing it back to modern day when we have the Pope sitting with the Presidents of two of the most high conflict nations in the world, when many crimes are committed in the name of religion, these men all modeled good religious behavior. Listening to the tradition of each other. Simply allowing those traditions to exist and not tearing them apart or critiquing them. Maybe even entering into the experience of each, really listening.

In other words, the organic unity of the virtues always and necessarily exists in habitu, even though forms of conditioning can hinder the operations of those virtuous habits.

This type of listening doesn’t happen on its own. We have to work at it.  We have to see it modeled. We have to model it. It has to be something that we practice in every aspect of our lives, not something that we do only in front of the cameras or on special occasions: everywhere and always.

Hence the need for “a pedagogy which will introduce people step by step to the full appropriation of the mystery”.

The Invocation for Peace was a step in developing that pedagogy. Sure, we’re going to need a whole lot more to develop it, but it was a very public witness of how to listen even when we don’t agree on very deeply held beliefs.

Reaching a level of maturity where individuals can make truly free and responsible decisions calls for much time and patience. As Blessed Peter Faber used to say: “Time is God’s messenger”.

And now’s the time for joining in prayer, particularly for those suffering in Mosul, about which I wrote yesterday.

Fr. Najeeb, the Domincan priest in Mosul whose email I cited yesterday commented a while ago:

“We are not protected by anyone, just the prayers . . . we need your prayers . . . I believe in the power of prayers . . . they can change the mind of persons . . . I ask in the name of all Christians in Iraq . . . to pray for us.”

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Tuam Horror Story Unraveling As Mosul Burns

Over the past week or so, I’ve written three pieces on the Tuam Home where 796 infant bodies were supposedly buried in a septic tank. (Here, here, and here.) Today,…

Over the past week or so, I’ve written three pieces on the Tuam Home where 796 infant bodies were supposedly buried in a septic tank. (Here, here, and here.)

Today, Kevin Clarke over at America has a good piece unraveling the story.  He offers a paragraph which I found particularly interesting:

The “fresh horror” of the Galway babies now apparently represents “the Irish Holocaust,” called so by, hmm, not clear, though many might argue that the starvation of one-third of the Irish population by British policy and the flight of a third more during the previous century might make a better candidate for that title. In fact many locals throughout this controversy have remained unimpressed by the home babies story as many “mass graves” dating back to the famine times have been unearthed from time to time in this part of Galway. The Great Hunger was just one of the many hungers which claimed lives here throughout the 18th and 19th centuries.

There is no justification for inhuman acts, but at some point, particularly when we are dealing with cases 70 years old that took place in a very different surrounding culture than exists now, I believe that we have to let the dead bury the dead.

Humans have done horrible things to each other, particularly the most vulnerable, since the beginning of time. It’s not an excuse. Just a fact.

Yes, perhaps there should be the requisite investigations if something substantial is found to investigate.

But the suffering of the innocent continues today. Throughout the world.

Maria Grizzetti at her blog Incarnation and Modernity has a jolting communication from a Domincan priest, Fr. Najeeb Michaeel who lives in Mosul, Iraq, where perhaps countless people have died in recent years and which currently appears to be overrun by Sunni Muslims:

Many thousands of armed men from the Islamic Groups of Da’ash have attacked the city of Mosul for the last two days. They have assassinated adults and children. The bodies have been left in the streets and in the houses by the hundreds, without pity. The regular forces and the army have also fled the city, along with the governor. In the mosques, they cry “Allah Akbar, long live the Islamic State.” Qaraqosh is overflowing with refugees of all kinds, without food or lodging. The check points and the Kurdish forces are blocking innumerable refugees from entering Kurdistan.

Is this his final letter to the world?

What we are living and what we have seen over the last two days is horrible and catastrophic. The priory of Mar Behnam and other churches fell into the hands of the rebels this morning. . . . and now they have come here and entered Qaraqosh five minutes ago, and we are now surrounded and threatened with death . . . . pray for us. I’m sorry that I can’t continue . . . They are not far from our convent . . . . Don’t reply. . . .

I realized that I know at least two people who know Fr. Najeeb. Small, small world.

Maria links to a news story that gives additional information. Although I have taken the liberty of quoting the letter in the entirety that she offered, I’m guessing she won’t mind since the point is to get the information out and to ask for prayers. She also links to another piece which confirms this from an interview last year with Fr. Najeeb:

“We are not protected by anyone, just the prayers . . . we need your prayers . . . I believe in the power of prayers . . . they can change the mind of persons . . . I ask in the name of all Christians in Iraq . . . to pray for us.”

By no means am I saying that the Tuam victims, whoever and however many they may be, don’t deserve our tears. But I don’t think we honor them when we turn a blind eye to the suffering that goes on right now. In their memory, pray for peace in Mosul.

Let us pray.

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Still Trying to Get at the Truth of the Tuam Home Story

The Irish Times has an extensive article today raising doubts about the accounts of 800 infant bodies found in a septic tank of the former Tuam home for unwed mothers…

The Irish Times has an extensive article today raising doubts about the accounts of 800 infant bodies found in a septic tank of the former Tuam home for unwed mothers and children.

Important information, like:

‘I never used that word ‘dumped’,” Catherine Corless, a local historian in Co Galway, tells The Irish Times. “I never said to anyone that 800 bodies were dumped in a septic tank. That did not come from me at any point. They are not my words.”

And from one of the people, then a boy, who found some sort of grave forty years ago:

“There were skeletons thrown in there. They were all this way and that way. They weren’t wrapped in anything, and there were no coffins,” he says. “But there was no way there were 800 skeletons down that hole. Nothing like that number. I don’t know where the papers got that.” How many skeletons does he believe there were? “About 20.”

So just how did news outlets like WAPost come up with a “news” piece which so far has no corroboration of any facts, aside perhaps from the fact that the home existed?

More commentary:

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When the Truth Gets in The Way of News

A few days ago, several of us responded to a WAPost article about a home for unwed mother, infants, and small children. We assumed that the WAPost article was accurate,…

A few days ago, several of us responded to a WAPost article about a home for unwed mother, infants, and small children. We assumed that the WAPost article was accurate, that it had been fact checked. We were wrong.

I later updated my post with a link to a post by Caroline Farrow which offered some much needed historicity and clarification.

Today, David Quinn has this column the Independent, an Irish newspaper. David’s piece adds some important facts and some thoughtful reflections.

Fact – The facts are currently unclear and some are wholly unsubstantiated:

We have to determine how they died and where they are buried. Notably, the gardai told RTE’s Philip Boucher-Hayes concerning the burials at the home itself, a former workhouse: “They are historical burials going back to Famine times, there is no suggestion of any impropriety and there is no garda investigation. Also there is no confirmation from any source that there are there are between 750 and 800 bodies present.

Fact – Things in Ireland were bad overall:

The institutions were partly a response to extreme poverty. Destitute people often ended up in institutions as an alternative to being on the street. Go to a Third World country today and you will find the streets of their towns and cities teeming with children many of whom belong to the sort of gangs depicted by Dickens in ‘Oliver Twist’.

Keep those countries in mind and you have a vision of how extreme poverty was in Ireland until fairly recently. In real terms, the Irish economy in 1936 was only one twelfth the size it was in 2007. That means many people were as poor then as some of the worst-off people in some of the worst-off African countries today.

The mortality rates and life expectancy for Irish people were also at Third World levels.

On average in the 1920s, almost 6,500 children aged up to four died annually. In 2010, 316 children in that age group died, a decrease of 95pc. And the population of Ireland was much smaller in the 1920s than it is today.

Reflection:

[A]t bottom there was still something completely unacceptable about many of these places which is that for all of their ostensible Christianity, they were rarely Christian… .

I think it was because Christianity in Ireland had by then hardened into something that was all too often more about punishment than mercy and forgiveness. To that extent Christianity in Ireland had become, in the strict meaning of the term, anti-Christ, and the church is still living this down.

Do read his entire column here.

Meanwhile, sounds like there will be some sort of investigation to get to the – ahem! – truth of the matter. One hopes.

If you want to drop the WAPost a line about its reporting (the piece is clearly labeled as a “news” in the URL), try foreign@washpost.com or corrections@washpost.com. The ombudsman can be reached at this number: 202-334-7582.

UPDATE: “Still Trying to Get at the Truth of the Tuam Home Story”

 

 

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